Leporacanthicus Joselimai L264-Sultan Pleco

👑 L264 Sultan Pleco – Leporacanthicus joselimai Care Guide

The Sultan Pleco (Leporacanthicus joselimai), also known by its L-number L264, is a highly desirable species of armored catfish. Native to the Rio Tapajós in Brazil, it features an elegant combination of a creamy body color, bold black markings, and flowing white-edged fins—earning its regal nickname. This species is well-suited for advanced hobbyists who can provide the space and water quality it requires.

🐟 Species Overview

• Scientific Name: Leporacanthicus joselimai

• Common Name: Sultan Pleco

• L-number: L264

• Origin: Rio Tapajós, Brazil

• Adult Size: 6–7 inches (15–18 cm)

• Lifespan: 10–15 years

• Temperament: Peaceful to semi-territorial

• Behavior: Nocturnal; appreciates caves and subdued light

🏡 Aquarium Setup

• Minimum Tank Size: 55 gallons for one adult; 75+ gallons preferred for community or multi-pleco setups

• Substrate: Fine sand or smooth gravel

• Décor:

  • Multiple hiding places using pleco caves, driftwood, and rock structures

  • Low light zones and shaded areas are important

• Lighting: Low to moderate; floating plants can help diffuse lighting

• Filtration: Powerful biological filtration and surface agitation recommended

• Water Flow: Moderate to strong current; mimics riverine environment

💡 A calm, oxygen-rich setup with stable temperatures is ideal for long-term success.

💧 Water Parameters

• Temperature: 78–86°F (25.5–30°C)

• pH Range: 6.0–7.4

• Hardness: 4–15 dGH

• TDS: 100–250 ppm

• Water Changes: Weekly 30–40% with clean, dechlorinated water

🧪 Sultan Plecos are sensitive to unstable water parameters—keep nitrates low and oxygen levels high.

🍽️ Diet & Feeding

Sultan Plecos are carnivorous with occasional omnivorous tendencies. In the wild, they feed on small invertebrates and meaty detritus. In captivity, they thrive on a high-protein diet.

• Primary Diet:

  • Sinking carnivore pellets

  • High-protein pleco wafers

• Protein Additions:

  • Frozen or fresh bloodworms, krill, mussels, shrimp

• Vegetables (optional):

  • Zucchini, spinach, or sweet potato once a week

• Feeding Schedule: Feed once or twice daily; offer food at night when activity increases

⚠️ Do not rely on algae or plant matter as a staple—this species needs protein.

🤝 Compatibility & Tankmates

• Best Tankmates:

  • Mid- to top-dwelling peaceful fish (e.g., tetras, rasboras, dwarf cichlids)

  • Peaceful Geophagus or angelfish in larger tanks

• Caution With:

  • Other bottom dwellers or plecos; territorial disputes can occur

• Avoid:

  • Aggressive or fin-nipping fish and fast-feeding surface fish that outcompete them

💡 If keeping more than one pleco, provide multiple caves and break lines of sight.

🐣 Breeding Notes

Breeding L264 Sultan Plecos in captivity is possible but challenging. It typically requires a dedicated breeding setup.

• Spawning Type: Cave spawner

• Breeding Setup: Warm water (82–84°F), strong oxygenation, and secure breeding caves

• Male Role: Guards the eggs and fans them until hatching

• Spawning Triggers:

  • Frequent water changes with slightly cooler water

  • Increased feeding with high-protein foods

• Fry Feeding: After yolk sac is absorbed, feed baby brine shrimp or micro-pellets

🔍 Mature males have more prominent odontodes (spikes) on cheeks and pectoral fins.

📝 Quick Care Summary

🔧 Tips for Success

• Use ceramic pleco caves with a single entrance for breeding

• Keep oxygen levels high with surface agitation or air stones

• Feed a high-quality, varied protein diet to maintain color and health

• Ensure good flow and cave access when keeping more than one bottom dweller